Peri-Implant Surgical Treatment Downregulates the Expression of sTREM-1 and MMP-8 in Patients with Peri-Implantitis: A Prospective Study.

sTREM-1 and its ligand PGLYRP1 play an essential role in the inflammatory process around teeth and implants. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the impact of peri-implant treatment on the salivary levels of the sTREM-1/PGLYRP-1/MMP-8 axis after 3 months. A total of 42 participants (with a mean age of 61 years old ± 7.3) were enrolled in this longitudinal study, 24 having peri-implant mucositis (MU) and 18 having peri-implantitis (PI). Clinical peri-implant parameters, such as probing pocket depth (PPD), % of plaque, and bleeding on probing (BOP), and the whole unstimulated saliva samples were evaluated at baseline and 3 months after treatment. The MU group received nonsurgical peri-implant treatment, while the PI group received open-flap procedures. The levels of sTREM-1, PGLYRP-1, MMP-8, and TIMP-1 were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. BOP, plaque levels, and PPD significantly reduced after treatment in both groups. A significant decrease in the salivary levels of sTREM-1, MMP-8, and TIMP-1 in the PI group and PGLYRP1 and TIMP-1 in the MU group were observed. Salivary levels of sTREM-1 were significantly reduced in patients with PI but not with MU. Additionally, peri-implant treatment had a significantly higher impact on MMP-8 reduction in patients with PI than in those with MU.

Progressão da periodontite experimental em ratas diabéticas submetidas ao tratamento com dose oncológica de zoledronato / Experimental periodontitis progression in diabetic rats submitted to treatment with zoledronate oncologic dose

Objetivo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a progressão da periodontite experimental (PE) em ratas diabéticas submetidas à terapia com dose oncológica de zoledronato. Materiais e métodos: 120 animais (12 meses de idade) foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em quatro grupos experimentais: VEI-NG (n=30); VEIDM (n=30), ZOL-NG (n=30) e ZOL-DM (n=30). Durante 7 semanas, a cada 3 dias, administrou-se pela via intraperitoneal 0,45ml de solução de NaCl 0,9% (VEI-NG e VEI-DM) ou 0,45ml desta solução acrescida de 100 µg/Kg de zoledronato (ZOL-NG e ZOL-DM). No 14º dia todos os animais foram submetidos: 1) indução da PE; 2) indução da diabetes com dose única de 0,3 ml de solução de estreptozotocina (60 mg/kg) diluída em solução de tampão citrato de sódio 0,1M, pH 4,0 (VEI-DM e ZOLDM) ou apenas o veículo de tampão citrato (VEI-NG e ZOL-NG). As eutanásias foram realizadas aos 14, 21 e 35 dias após indução da PE. Foi realizada análise microtomográfica das hemimandibulas direitas e histopatológica e imunohistoquiímica (TNF-α e IL-1ß) das hemimandibulas esquerdas. Os resultados foram analisados em microscopia óptica e submetidos à estatística com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: A análise micro-CT mostrou uma menor perda óssea alveolar (POA), maior volume ósseo na furca (VOF) e maior espessura do trabeculado ósseo em ZOL-NG e ZOL-DM. ZOL-NG e ZOL-DM apresentaram maior porcentagem de tecido ósseo na furca (PTO) e a porcentagem de tecido ósseo não vital na furca (PON) foi maior em ZOL-DM. A resposta inflamatória periodontal foi maior em ZOL-NG e ainda maior em ZOL-DM, com inflamação mais intensa e nível das principais citocinas com atividade pró-inflamatória (TNFα e IL-1ß) maior em ZOL e ainda maior em ZOL-DM. Conclusão: O diabetes mellitus promove exacerbação da resposta inflamatória periodontal ao longo do tratamento com dose oncológica de zoledronato, o que o coloca, juntamente com a doença periodontal, como um importante fator de risco para a osteonecrose dos maxilares(AU)

The aim of the present study is to evaluate the progression of experimental periodontitis (PE) in diabetic female rats under therapy of oncological dosage of zoledronic acid. 120 female rats (12 months of age) were randomly assigned to four experimental groups: VEI-NG (n = 30); VEI-DM (n = 30), ZOL-NG (n = 30) and ZOLDM (n = 30). For 7 weeks, every 3 days, 0.45 ml of 0.9% NaCl solution (VEI-NG and VEI-DM) or 0.45 ml of this solution plus 100 µg / kg zoledronate (ZOL) were administered intraperitoneally -NG and ZOL-DM). On the 14th day post-start of the experiment all animals were submitted to: 1) a ligature installation around the lower bilaterally first molar, which remained in position throughout the experimental period; 2) a caudal vein injection of 0.3 ml of streptozotocin solution (60mg/kg) diluted in 0.1 M sodium citrate buffer solution pH 4.0 (VEI-DM and ZOL-DM) or only the vehicle of sodium citrate buffer 0.1M, pH 4.0 (VEI-NG and ZOL-NG). As euthanasia were performed at 14, 21 and 35 days after the induction of PE by transcardiac perfusion with histological fixative. A microtomographic analysis of the right and posterior hemimandibles of the histological processing of the left hemi-jaw was performed. Patients with histories were submitted to hematoxylin-eosin staining or immunohistochemical reaction for: tumor necrosis factor alpha TNF-α and interleukin IL-1ß. The results were analyzed by optical microscopy and submitted to statistical analysis with a significance level of 5%. The micro-CT analysis showed lower alveolar bone loss (POA), greater bone volume in the furcation (VOF) and greater thickness of bone trabecule in ZOL-NG and ZOL-DM compared to the VEI-NG and VEI-DM groups. ZOL-NG and ZOL-DM presented a higher percentage of bone tissue in the furcation (PTO) and a percentage of non-vital bone tissue in the furcation (PON) was higher in ZOL-NG and much higher in ZOL-DM. The periodontal inflammatory response was higher in ZOL-NG and even higher in ZOL-DM, with more intense inflammation and major cytokines with the higher pro-inflammatory activity (TNFα and IL-1ß) in ZOL and even higher in ZOL-DM. Diabetes mellitus promotes exacerbation of the periodontal inflammatory response during treatment with the oncologic dose of zoledronate, which causes, along with periodontal disease, an important risk factor for osteonecrosis of the jaw(AU)

Manipulação de tecido mole peri-implantar na região lingual posterior de mandíbula / Peri-implant soft tissue management in the posterior lingual region of the mandible ­ a case report

O objetivo deste artigo foi relatar um caso clínico no qual foi realizada uma modificação da técnica de estabilização do enxerto de tecido conjuntivo (ETC) concomitante à etapa de reabertura, com o intuito de melhorar a qualidade da mucosa peri-implantar na região lingual posterior de mandíbula. Após anamnese, foi constatada no exame clínico a necessidade de exodontia do dente 34 e reabilitação protética na região do 34-36. Após cinco meses, foram instalados três implantes na região dos dentes 34, 35 e 36. Decorridos quatro meses, foi realizada a reabertura desses implantes e, pela ausência de mucosa queratinizada na região dos implantes instalados, optou-se por realizar um ETC na região lingual do 35 e 36. Este foi removido do palato e, para melhor adaptação desse enxerto no leito receptor, foi utilizado um perfurador de lençol de borracha para perfurar o ETC no local que correspondia aos cicatrizadores dos implantes 35 e 36, estabilizando-se assim o ETC no leito receptor. O retalho foi reposicionado, cobrindo totalmente o ETC e suturado. Após três anos, o tecido mole adjacente ao implante apresentava-se clinicamente estável e saudável, e a paciente encontrava-se satisfeita com o resultado. De acordo com o caso clínico relatado, esta nova abordagem para utilização do ETC, para criar uma faixa de gengiva queratinizada ao redor de implantes, mostrou-se efi ciente quanto à sua utilização de região posterior de mandíbula. Entretanto, estudos clínicos adicionais são necessários para avaliar a precisão desta técnica em outras condições clínicas.

The aim of this article is to report a clinical case where a modification of the technique of stabilization of the connective tissue graft concomitant to the reopening stage was performed in order to improve the quality of the periimplantar mucosa in the posterior lingual region of the mandible. After anamnesis, and clinical examination, the need to perform tooth 34 extraction and prosthetic rehabilitation in the region 34-36 was verifi ed. After 5 months, 3 implants were installed in the region of teeth 34, 35 and 36. After 4 months, the reopening of these implants was performed and because of the absence of keratinized mucosa in the region of the implants it was chosen to perform a connective tissue graft (CTG) in the lingual region of 35 and 36. The graft removed from the palate and for better adaptation bed, a rubber sheet punch was used to puncture it at the site corresponding to the implants 35 and 36 being stabilized in the recipient bed. The flap was repositioned, completely covering the CTG and sutured. After 3 years, the soft tissue adjacent to the implant was clinically stable, healthy and the patient was satisfied with the result. According to the reported clinical case, this new approach for the use of CTG to create a keratinized gingival band around implants proved to be efficient in its use of the posterior mandible region. However, additional clinical studies are needed to assess the accuracy of this technique in other clinical conditions.